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| History Of Palestine and Israel |
Ghaza ki Pati roye zameen par sab se gunjaan aabaad aur gurbat zadah ilaqon mein se aik hai. Ghaza ki tareekh aisi mukhtalif musallah tanazaa'oon se bhari hui hai jinhon ne is khetay ki haalat-e-aaien tak puhnchnay mein ahem kirdaar ada kya.
Lekin is chhoti si pati ki apni tareekh kya hai jise insani haqooq ki aalami tanzeemain aur khud Filistini bhi 'duniya ki sab se bari khuli jail' qarar dete hain.
Woh sarzameen jis par baar baar qabza kiya gaya. September 1992 mein Israeeli Wazir-e-Azam Ishaaq Rabin ne aik Amriki wafd se mulaqat mein kaha ke 'main chahta hoon ke Ghaza samundar mein gharq ho jaaye lekin main janta hoon ke yeh namumkin hai, chunanche humein koi hal nikalna hoga.'
Ishaaq Rabin ko saal 1995 mein aik Israeeli shadeed pasand ne qatal kar diya tha. Un ke is bayaan ke 30 saal guzar jaanay ke bawajood is mamle ka hal nazar nahi aa raha.
Kilometer taweel aur 10 kilometer chori Ghaza ki Pati Israeel, Misr, aur Bahr-e-Room ke beech mojood hai jahan 23 lakh log basate hain, isi liye ise duniya ke gunjaan tareen ilaqon mein se aik qarar diya jata hai.
Ghaza ki tareekh taqreeban chaar hazaar saal purani hai aur is ki kahani bairooni hamlaon aur qabzaon se bharri hui hai. Mukhtalif zamano mein mukhtalif saltanaton ne is par hukoomat bhi ki aur ise taraaj bhi kya jin mein qadeem Misr se le kar Sultanat-e-Ottoman tak duniya ki taqatwar hukoomati shamil rahin.
Ghaza ko Sikander Azam, Roomi aur phir Musalmanon ne Umar ibn al-As ki sarbraahi mein fatah kiya aur youn taraqqi aur tabahi ke is safar mein Ghaza mein aabaad hone walon aur un ki mazhabi pehchan bhi waqt aur haalaat ke saath badalti rahi.
Saal 1917 tak Ghaza Sultanat-e-Ottoman ka hissa tha jis ki pehli aalami jang mein shikast ke baad yeh ilaqa Britain ke zair-e-asar aaya. Saal 1919 ki Paris Aman Conference mein fateh Europi taqaton ne aik mutahidd Arab Sultanat ke qayam ko roknay ke liye poore khetay ko taqseem kar diya.
Ghaza 'British Mandate' ka hissa bana jo 1920 se 1948 tak mojud raha. Taahum doosri jang-e-azim ke baad Britain ne Filistin ke maqdar ka faisla Naye Noveli Qaumon Ki Jholi mein daal diya.
Saal 1947 mein Qaumon Ki Jholi ne aik qarardar ke zariye faisla kiya ke Filistin ko teen hisson mein baant diya jaye: 55 fisad ilaqe par Yahudi apni riyasat bana len, Bait-ul-Muqaddas ko aalami mandate ke zair-e-asar rakha jaye aur baqi manda hissa beshumar ilaqon mein shamil hokar Ghaza maqami Arab bashindon ke hissay mein chala jaye.
May 1948 ko jab is qarardar ne Filistin se British Raj ka khatma kiya to isi din Israeel ki azad riyasat qaim kar li gayi aur youn pehli Arab Israeel jang ka bhi aghaaz hua jis mein lakhon maqami Filistini be-ghar hue aur Ghaza ki Pati mein bas gaye.
Pehli Arab Israeel jang ka khatma hua to Ghaza ki Pati par Misr ka qabza ho chuka tha jo 1967 tak barqarar raha. Saal 1967 ki chh rozah jang ke doraan Israeel ne Misr aur Sham par mushtamil muttahida Arab Republic samait Jordan aur Iraq ko shikast di aur Ghazzar-e-Urdan aur Mashriqi Bait-ul-Muqaddas samait Ghaza par bhi qabza kar liya.
Israeel ki is fatah ne purtasadd waqiaat ke aik aise tasalsul ko janam diya jo aaj tak ruk nahin saka. Israeel ke khilaaf pehli Filistini intifada tehreek ka aghaaz 1987 mein Ghaza se hua. Isi saal Hamas wujood mein aayi thi.
Saal 1993 mein Israeel aur Filistin ke darmiyan Amriki Salasi mein Oslo Muahadah hua to 'Filistin National Authority' ka qiyam hua jise Ghaza ki Pati aur Gharb-e-Urdan ke chand ilaqon mein mehdood khud-mukhtari di gayi.
Israeel ne 2005 mein doosri aur pehle se ziyada purtashadd intifada tehreek ke baad Ghaza ki Pati se fauj aur 7000 Yahudi abaadkaroun ka inkala kiya.
Ek hi saal baad Hamas ne intikhabaat mein Filistiniyon ki doosri tanzeem 'Fatah' ko shikast di aur yun dono ke darmiyan taqat ki jang ka aghaz ho gaya jis mein aik janib Filistini sadr Mahmood Abbas aur unki Fatah Jamaat thi to doosri janib Hamas. Taahum Hamas teen jangon aur 16 saal ke Israeeli muhasire ke bawajood ab tak Gaza mein barsar-e-iqtidar hai.
Israeel, America, Yoorpi Union aur Britain samait kayi mumalik Hamas ya us ke askari wing ko dahshatgard qarar de chuke hain taahum use Iran ki himayat aur maashi madad hasil hai jo asleha aur tarbiyat bhi faraham karta rehta hai.
Muhasireh
Hamas ke barsar-e-iqtidar aane ke baad Israeel aur Misr ne Gaza ka zameeni, fazai aur samandari muhasireh kar liya. Aqwam-e-Muttahida aur insani haqooq ki tanzeemon ki janib se mutalibein ke bawajood Israeel ne 2007 se is muhasireh ko khatam nahin kiya.
Is muhasireh ki wajah se Filistiniyon ki naqal o harkat par qadghaniyan lag gayin. Israeel ki janib se Filistiniyon ke bahir nikalne par pabandi aa'id hai aur sirf tibi emergency mein hi kisi ko bahir nikalne ki ijaazat di jati hai.
Human Rights Watch ne Gaza ki patti mein halaat ka mawazna karte hue use 'khuli jail' qarar diya. Israeel ke mutabiq Gaza ki sarhadon par Misr ki madad se in pabandiyon ke itlaaq se Israeeli shehron ko Hamas se bachana maqsud hai.
Bain-ul-Aqwami Committee Baraye Red Cross is muhasireh ko Geneva Convention ki khilaf warzi qarar deti hai jabke Aqwam-e-Muttahida aur doosre insani haqooq tanzeemon ne bhi is muhasireh par tanqeed karte hue kaha hai ke Gaza ab tak Israeel ke qabze mein hai.
Is muhasireh ke khilaf Hamas ne zair zameen sarangon ka aik jaal bicha rakha hai jin ke zariye samaan aur asleha Gaza ke andar le jaya jata hai. Israeel in sarangon ko aik khatra samajhta hai aur aksar fazai hamalon mein in ko tabah karne ki koshish karta raha hai.
Israeel ke 16 saale muhasire ne Gaza ki patti mein ma'ashiyat ko tabah kar diya hai. Aalami Bank ke mutabiq is ilaqe mein birozgari ka tansub 40 feesad se ziyada hai.
Aqwam-e-Muttahida ke mutabiq yahan ki 65 feesad abadi gurbat ki lekir se niche zindagi basar kar hai. World Food Program ke mutabiq 63 feesad abadi ghiza'i adam tahaffuz ka shikar hai.
Yahan ki nisf abadi 19 saal se kam umar hai lekin un ke paas maashi taraqqi ka koi rasta nahi hai aur nah hi baahri dunia tak rasai ka koi zariya.
Aqwam-e-Muttahida ke mutabiq musalsal tashaddud ka samna karne ki wajah se yahan bachon ki aik poori nasal abad hai jise tawil al-muddati nafsiyati masa'il ka samna hai lekin unhein kisi qisam ki madad hasil nahi.
Yahan ki abadi, khasusan naujawanon mein, Aqwam-e-Muttahida ki report ke mutabiq zehni sehat se jure masa'il beshumar barh raha hai jin mein depression bhi shamil hai.
Human Rights Watch ne 2021 ki aik report mein kaha tha ke Gaza ki bandish ki wajah se hunarmand aur taleem yafta log aise mauqe se faida nahi utha sakte jo duniya mein kahin aur basne walon ko aam taur par hote hain.
Israeel ki aik ghair sarkari tanzeem ke mutabiq 23 lakh logon ki yeh abadi duniya mein sab se ziyada ganjaan abad alaqon mein se aik hai. Aqwam-e-Muttahida ke mutabiq isi ilaqe mein qaim aath campaun mein taqreeban chhe lakh panah guzeen bhi rehaish pazeer hain.
Wazeh rahe ke London jaise shehr mein fi skwaer kilomeetar ilaqe mein 5700 log rehte hain lekin Gaza mein itne hi ilaqe mein yeh aadad 9000 tak pohanch jate hain.
Sanh 2014 mein Israeel ne Gaza ki patti ki sarhad par aik difa'i zone bana diya jis ke baad makaanat ya kashtkari ke liye dastiyab zameen aur bhi kam ho gayi.
Yahan bijli ki dastiyabi bhi har waqt nahi hoti. Aqwam-e-Muttahida ke mutabiq ziada tar gharoon mein din mein sirf teen ghante bijli milti hai jo Israeel faraham karta hai. Gaza mein sirf aik bijli ka plant hai jabke kuch miqdar mein bijli Misr se milti hai. Ziada tar rehaishiyon ko pani ki kami ka bhi samna hai.
Aqwam-e-Muttahida ke ek zili idare ke mutabiq Gaza ke beshumar hospitals aur tibbi markaz maazi ki laraiyon mein tabah ho chuke hain. Aqwam-e-Muttahida ki janib se yahan 22 tibbi markaz chalane mein madad di jati hai taahum Israeel ki janib se halie bambari ke baad yahan ki abadi ke halaat muzid mutasir hone ka andesha hai."
