Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim Thattoi was born on 10 Rabi Al-Awwal 1104 AH/1692 AD in Mirpur Bathuri city, where his father lived. Syed Hussamuddin wrote in the margins of the poets' essays, referring to him as Makhdoom Sahib. Shaykh Al-Kabeer Muhammad Hashim bin Abdul Ghafoor bin Abdul Rahman bin Abdul Latif bin Abdul Rahman bin Saghir al-Din Harithi al-Sundi al-Baturai Bahram Puri then Al-Tatwi was his ancestor, believed to be descended from Haris bin Abdul Muttalib. As for his caste, it is self-explanatory that he was from a scholarly and religious family. Makhdoom's father was a renowned scholar of his time. Therefore, Makhdoom grew up in an academic and religious home, where his father gave him the best religious and moral training.
Makhdoom Sahib memorized the Holy Qur'an and learned the basics of Arabic, including syntax, from his father. However, when he was nine years old, his father passed away, leaving him without his guidance and love. At that time, scholars were the center of attention, and great schools of knowledge, jurisprudence, and hadith surrounded them, where scholars and muhaddith aroused people's interest with their knowledge. Makhdoom Muhammad Hashim studied Arabic literature under Makhdoom Muhammad Saeed, a well-known scholar of that time, and then went on to study the last book of Hadith under Makhdoom Zia-ud-Din. He obtained the certificate of Hadith and received further guidance from Makhdoom Muhammad Moin Khan, completing his studies in ten years.
After completing his studies, Makhdoom Sahib opened a Madrasa in Bahrampur near Bathori, but due to the lack of local followers and elders, he closed it and settled permanently in Thatta, where his knowledge gained a reputation far and wide. Hundreds of students came and joined his teaching. He left for Hajj in 1135 AH/1722 AD, where he obtained the permission of Hadith and Sufism from the great scholars of Makkah and Madinah, including Allama Sheikh Abdul Qadir Makki Hanafi, Sheikh Abdul Bin Ali Misri, and Sheikh Muhammad Abu Tahir Kurdi Madani. In his famous book "Ithaf al-Akabar fi Masanid Sheikh Abdul Qadir," Makhdoom mentioned his teachers.
During his stay in Madinah, Makhdoom Sahib had the privilege of visiting the Prophet of Islam, peace and blessings of God be upon him, in his dream on Thursday 9th Rajab al-Murjib 1136 A.H. corresponding to 1723 A.D. He mentioned his experience in the margins of some of his books and signed his signature for posterity.
To obtain spiritual knowledge and to pledge allegiance, Makhdoom Sahib came to the service of Makhdoom Abul Qasim Naqshbandi, the great spiritual leader of Sindh at that time. Abul Qasim Naqshbandi directed him to come to the service of Syed Saadullah bin Syed Ghulam Muhammad Saloni Surti, the leader of the Qadri method of the province of Gujarat, India, and pledge allegiance. Makhdoom Sahib went to Surat, pledged allegiance to the elder, and stayed for a whole year, following the steps of Maraft before returning to Thatta in 1137 AH corresponding to 1724 AH